


CHRIST PANTOCRATOR
Christ Pantocrator is one of the most iconic and enduring images of Jesus Christ in Christian art, especially within Eastern Orthodox, Byzantine, and Eastern Catholic traditions. The term “Pantocrator” is Greek for “Ruler of All” or “Almighty,” and the image is meant to represent Christ as divine judge, teacher, and sustainer of the universe.
In this depiction, Christ’s face is typically serious and symmetrical, embodying both his divinity and humanity. Artists often introduce a subtle asymmetry, with one side of the face conveying mercy and the other judgment. His right hand is raised in a gesture of blessing, with the fingers arranged to form the Greek abbreviation IC XC, meaning “Jesus Christ.” In his left hand, he holds a book—usually the Gospels—symbolizing his role as the Word of God and teacher of truth.
He is typically robed in a blue tunic, representing his divine nature, and a red or purple cloak over it, symbolizing his humanity and royal authority. The background is traditionally golden, representing the uncreated divine light of heaven.
Famous examples include the 6th-century icon at St. Catherine’s Monastery in Sinai, the oldest known example, and the grand mosaic in the dome of Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. Both have profoundly influenced Eastern Christian iconography.
16”x20” acrylic on wood.
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